Laboratory animal rooms have strict requirements on environmental temperature and humidity, cleanliness and ventilation, so all outdoor air conditioning systems are usually used to ensure indoor air quality, but there are problems such as high energy consumption and offset between cold and heat. This paper proposes to use a four-pipe air-source heat pump unit as the cold and heat sources, cooling and heating at the same time to reduce energy consumption, and presents its operating logic in refrigeration, heating, combined cooling and heating, refrigeration heat recovery, and heating cold recovery modes. Taking a laboratory animal house project in Suzhou city as an example, two schemes of the four-pipe air-source heat pump and the ordinary air-source heat pump are compared. The results show that the energy-saving rate of the four-pipe air-source heat pump scheme can reach 25%, the static investment payback period of the main equipment is less than one month, and the annual carbon emissions can be reduced by 384.35 t.